Wastewater Treatment

Sewage Treatment Plants

Sewage treatment involves removing contaminants from wastewater, primarily from household sewage, using physical, chemical, and biological processes. The aim is to produce environmentally safer treated wastewater (effluent). The treatment process typically includes three phases:

  1. Pre-Treatment:

    • Removes large solids and grit through screening.
    • Disposes of solids in landfills and removes fat and grease.

  2. Primary Treatment:

    • Allows solids to settle at the bottom and oils and grease to float to the surface.
    • Combines these substances to form sludge.

  3. Secondary Treatment:

    • Treats sludge in heated tanks with micro-organisms to produce biogas for energy.
    • Uses bacteria to further break down organic matter in the liquid, which is then treated in oxidation ponds.

Sewage Treatment Technologies

  1. MBBR (Moving Bed Bio Reactor) Technology:

    • Utilizes activated sludge aeration systems with inert media to enhance contact between bacteria, oxygen, and influent water.
    • Efficiently reduces BOD and COD levels, consuming less energy and producing consistent, high-quality effluent.

  2. SBR (Sequential Batch Reactor) Technology:

    • Operates in batch mode, treating wastewater in phases including filling, aeration, settling, and decanting.
    • Allows for flexible operation and high treatment efficiency, with lower operational costs.

  3. Solido Treatment System:

    • A Sequencing Batch Reactor system with two treatment stages: primary and SBR phases.
    • Adapts to local conditions, optimizing operating values and minimizing excess sludge.

  4. DAF (Dissolved Air Flotation) Technology:

    • Uses coagulants and flocculants to aggregate particles, which are then floated to the surface by air bubbles.
    • Offers low capital investment, stable operations, minimal maintenance, and high-quality clarified water.

  5. MBR (Membrane Bio Reactor) Technology:

    • Employs submerged membranes to separate treated water from activated sludge, ensuring high-quality water recovery.
    • Reduces sludge generation, eliminates the need for clarifiers, and integrates easily into existing systems.

  6. Trickling Filters:

    • A fixed-bed biological reactor where pre-settled wastewater is sprayed over a filter media covered with a biofilm that degrades organics aerobically.
    • Efficiently treats wastewater with a compact footprint and high pathogen removal.

  7. Wetland Systems:

    • Utilizes natural or constructed wetlands to treat wastewater through physical, chemical, and biological processes.
    • Provides effective treatment with low operational costs and ecological benefits.

  8. Effluent Treatment Plant (ETP):

    • A comprehensive system designed to treat industrial effluents, ensuring compliance with environmental regulations and standards.

  9. Aeration Systems (Extended):

    • Enhances wastewater treatment by increasing oxygen levels to support aerobic bacteria in breaking down organic matter.

  10. Advanced Oxidation Processes:

    • Utilizes powerful oxidants to degrade contaminants in wastewater, ensuring high removal efficiency of pollutants.

  11. ASP (Activated Sludge Process):

    • Employs microorganisms to digest organic pollutants in wastewater, offering efficient treatment and high-quality effluent.

  12. Electro Coagulation:

    • Uses electrical currents to coagulate and flocculate contaminants, improving the efficiency of wastewater treatment.

  13. Hydrodynamic Cavitation:

    • Applies high-pressure conditions to create cavitation bubbles that aid in the degradation of organic contaminants.

  14. Package Plants:

    • Pre-engineered, modular treatment plants that provide compact and efficient solutions for small to medium-sized communities or industries.

  15. STD (Sludge Treatment and Disposal):

    • Manages the treatment and disposal of sludge generated during the wastewater treatment process.

  16. ETP (Effluent Treatment Plant):

    • Similar to above, focuses on treating effluents from various industrial processes to meet environmental standards.

  17. RO (Reverse Osmosis):

    • Uses membrane technology to remove dissolved solids and contaminants from water, providing high-purity treated water.